Xylo-oligosaccharides are functional oligosaccharides that use xylose as a monomer (usually composed of 2-9 xylose molecules connected by β -1,4-glycosidic bonds). They are mainly extracted from plant materials such as corn cob and sugarcane bagasse, and have unique probiotic properties and physiological functions. They belong to plant extracts.
It is virtually odorless, with a slightly sweet taste, making it ideal for various applications in the food and beverage industry.XOS products come in different grades tailored for specific applications. The main types include food grade, feed grade, and specialized formulations.
Core characteristics of Xylo-oligosaccharides
Highly selective prebiotics
Not broken down by human digestive enzymes such as saliva, gastric juice, and pancreatic juice, it directly reaches the large intestine and selectively proliferates beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria (especially bifidobacteria), while inhibiting harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli. It belongs to water-soluble dietary fiber, which helps maintain normal intestinal function. Its ability to selectively proliferate bifido-bacteria is 10-20 times that of other oligosaccharides such as oligofructose and oligoisomaltose, and only requires a daily intake of 0.7-1.4 grams to take effect.
Such as when achieving the same effect, 15 grams/day of low molecular weight isomaltose and 5-8 grams/day of low molecular weight fructose are required.
Outstanding stability
Acid resistant (pH 2.5-8.0), high temperature resistant (stable even after heating at 120 ℃ for 1 hour), suitable for adding to processed foods such as baking and beverages.
Metabolic friendliness
Almost not absorbed by the human body, does not raise blood sugar and insulin levels, does not affect fat metabolism, suitable for people with diabetes and low-energy foods.
Main health benefits of Xylo-oligosaccharides
Gut Health
✔️ Promote intestinal peristalsis, increase short chain fatty acids, and adsorb pathogens.
✔️ Enhance barrier function: Activate immunoglobulin A secretion and strengthen the intestinal immune barrier.
✔️ Side effect warning: Consuming more than 3 grams per day may cause bloating and diarrhea. Sensitive individuals are advised to adapt from 1 gram per day.
Activate probiotics
By proliferating bifido-bacteria, it indirectly activates the activity of immune cells such as macrophages and NK cells, enhancing the body’s defense.
Production process and raw material sources of Xylo-oligosaccharides
Raw materials: mainly from corn cob (35% -40% of dry weight of xylan), 8-10 kilograms of corn cob can extract 1 kilogram of oligosaccharides, and enzymatic fermentation method is used to achieve high-value utilization of agricultural and forestry waste.
Production process:
A [Corn cob crushing] –>B [High temperature and high pressure gas explosion/cooking]
B –>C [Xylanase hydrolysis]
C –>D [decolorization, ion exchange purification]
D –>E [Nanofiltration membrane concentration]
E –>F [spray drying → finished product]
Purity grading: There are 20%, 35%, 70% syrup and 95% high-purity powder on the market, so we need to be wary of low-priced and inferior products, especially bulk products with lower prices.
Application scenarios and usage recommendations of Xylo-oligosaccharides
Due to their unique prebiotic properties and health benefits, xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) offer diverse applications across industries. Their specifications determine their suitability for various food, supplements, and animal feed uses.
Food And Beverage Industry
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) is a functional food ingredient in numerous products, including dairy products, baked goods, and beverages. Its prebiotic characteristics promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly bifido-bacteria. XOS is also a low-calorie sweetener and fiber supplement, making it ideal for reduced-fat and sugar-free formulations.
In functional foods, XOS enhances mineral absorption and supports digestive health. It also improves the texture and mouthfeel of products while extending shelf life. You’ll notice XOS in yogurts, nutrition bars, and fruit juices, which contribute to flavor and nutritional value.
XOS also exhibits antioxidant properties, potentially reducing oxidative stress in food products. This makes them valuable in preserving food quality and extending product longevity.
Dietary Supplements
XOS is crucial in dietary supplements targeting gut health and overall well-being. Its prebiotic action supports a balanced microbiome linked to various health benefits. XOS is available in capsules, powders, and liquid formulations.
These supplements may help manage gastrointestinal disorders and improve bowel regularity. XOS’s bifidogenic activity promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, potentially enhancing immune function. Some studies suggest that XOS supplementation may help regulate blood cholesterol levels and support weight management.
XOS supplements often combine with probiotics to create synbiotics, offering a comprehensive approach to gut health. Their potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects make them interesting for research in diabetes and cancer prevention.
Animal Feed Industry
XOS has significant applications in animal nutrition and health. Adding XOS to animal feed can improve digestive efficiency and promote beneficial gut flora in livestock and pets, leading to better nutrient absorption and overall animal health.
XOS supplementation may enhance growth performance and feed conversion rates in poultry and swine production. It can also strengthen the immune system, potentially reducing the need for antibiotics in animal husbandry.
For companion animals, XOS in pet foods can support digestive health and alleviate gastrointestinal issues. They may also improve coat quality and general well-being in cats and dogs.
XOS’s prebiotic properties in animal feed can improve product quality, such as eggs with enhanced nutritional profiles or meat with better fat composition.
Taboo: 1. Avoid taking antibiotics together (with an interval of ≥ 2 hours);
2. Be cautious of eating cold foods (bitter gourd, crab) together to prevent intestinal irritation; Enteritis/postoperative patients should follow medical advice.
A Quite Review
Xylo-oligosaccharides have become an ideal raw material for functional foods due to their potent targeting of prebiotics, excellent stability, and metabolic safety. Consumers are advised to choose high-purity (70 type Xylo-oligosaccharides syrup or 95 type Xylo-oligosaccharides powder) products and strictly control their intake to avoid the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort.
Future Research Directions
- The combination of Xylo-oligosaccharides and traditional Chinese medicine for health preservation has led to the development of new types of traditional Chinese medicine health pills, which are gradually becoming popular in the field of health preservation, such as Jiubao Siyi Pills, Twelve Ingredient Golden Ginseng Pills, Shenyi Fourteen Ingredient Golden Sesame Pills, Bazhen Powder, Black Sesame Pills, etc.
- Focus on optimizing purification processes to improve product purity and stability, especially in the purification of individual products.
- Cross species application expansion, such as plant growth.
- Unlock more health mechanisms and effects.